Morgan Library & Museum
October 23, 2026 through January 31, 2027
The Morgan Library & Museum will present Rembrandt’s Lions: Art and Exile in the Dutch Republic, an exhibition that brings together, for the first time, a remarkable group of drawings, etchings, and paintings highlighting the often overlooked but formative presence of migrants, immigrants, exiles, and refugees in the world and work of Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606– 1669). The exhibition particularly focuses on stories of diaspora, or dispersed communities, that figure prominently in many of his etchings, offering a new perspective on the effects of migration on seventeenth-century life. Today, Rembrandt is seen as the quintessential Dutch artist, yet in his day the Dutch Republic was newly formed, and what it meant to be Dutch was still being defined.
On view from October 23, 2026, through January 31, 2027, this exhibition illuminates a new interpretation of the artist and the world he inhabited.
“Rembrandt’s Lions: Art and Exile in the Dutch Republic offers fresh perspectives on a well-known and thoroughly studied artist through a modern interpretive lens,” said Colin B. Bailey, Katharine J. Rayner Director of the Morgan Library & Museum. “At the heart of the exhibition is the Morgan’s celebrated collection of Rembrandt etchings, the largest and finest in North America, formed primarily by J. P. Morgan during his lifetime but added to over the last century. Major works take Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606–1669), Self-Portrait with Raised Sabre, 1634. Etching with burin on paper, 124 × 102 mm. The Morgan Library & Museum, New York, purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan, 1905; RvR 22.
on new significance in this exhibition, which sheds light on the cultural context in which the artist’s innovations and stylistic choices were made.”
In the seventeenth century, up to 60 percent of residents in Amsterdam—where Rembrandt lived and worked—hailed from elsewhere. Amid catastrophic religious and political wars that dislocated hundreds of thousands of people, the Dutch Republic established a right to personal religious freedom and became a haven for those who, by force or by choice, left their homes. The newly settled were often referred to as strangers or exiles, their stories subsequently informing the new concepts of “migrant,” “immigrant,” and “refugee.” This diverse community brought ideas, talents, and cultures that influenced life in the republic and Rembrandt’s art.
The experimental medium of etching aptly inspired some of his most innovative work, which combined historical and contemporary references, often to tell exile stories in new ways.
“A pivotal moment in Dutch history compelled Rembrandt to make art, and this exhibition gives visitors the opportunity to consider the parallels between Rembrandt’s Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, and New York City,” said Sarah Mallory, Annette and Oscar de la Renta Assistant Curator of Drawings and Prints at the Morgan. “By recognizing and foregrounding the stories of migrants, immigrants, exiles, and refugees depicted in Rembrandt’s etchings, the exhibition brings greater attention to the histories and enduring legacies of marginalized communities that played a central role in shaping some of the artist’s most innovative and important works.”
Rembrandt’s Lions: Art and Exile in the Dutch Republic shows how the diverse communities of Amsterdam in the seventeenth century informed Rembrandt’s evolution into the artist we know today. The lion—a symbol of the resilience and strength shown by the republic’s people and lands—began to appear in Rembrandt’s etchings, often in the context of these communities’ stories, coinciding with the republic’s rise to power.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606–1669), St. Jerome Kneeling in Prayer, Looking Down, 1635. Etching on paper. The Morgan Library & Museum, New York; RvR 161.
Varied in appearance, from imaginative to lifelike, the lion recurs throughout the artist’s oeuvre, most often in portrayals of the exiled Saint Jerome, one of Rembrandt’s most frequently depicted saints. Saint Jerome sought to expand the borders of the church to include the humblest of peoples. His pursuit led him to a self-imposed exile far from home in the desert, where, according to legend, he pulled a thorn from a lion’s paw; the animal remained with him thereafter. In Rembrandt’s etchings, the pair may be understood as an expression of compassion, loyalty, and acceptance amid the difficulties of exile, a lesson that resonated with the many peoples in the Dutch Republic.
The exhibition consists of six sections. The first, “Pride of Lions,” explores how the founding of the Dutch Republic established Amsterdam as a haven for religious and political exiles, as well as the connections to Saint Jerome in Rembrandt’s work. “Republic of Refugees” looks closely at depictions of migrant, immigrant, and exiled communities both in the Bible and in Amsterdam. “The Lion’s Share” centers on global stories of the Dutch Republic and colonial aggression. “Home/Lands” examines the neighborhoods where migrant communities resided in Amsterdam through the eyes of Rembrandt, who lived among them. “Fitting In” offers a wider exploration of Rembrandt’s practice as a portraitist, including how he innovated techniques to advance the etching medium. The last section, “Beyond Belonging,” takes viewers to the end of Rembrandt’s life and considers depictions of marginalized figures.
Throughout the exhibition, Rembrandt’s works provide insight into how he viewed global communities and perceived different countries and peoples.
Themes of home permeate the works, from domestic scenes of Rembrandt’s life to the ways migrant communities sought refuge in Amsterdam. Many of the republic’s exiles were searching for more than a place of safety; they hoped to establish themselves and create a sense of belonging. Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606–1669), The Flight into Egypt: A Night Piece, 1651. Etching and drypoint, first state. The Morgan Library & Museum, New York; RvR 82. 4 Questions of identity and belonging also emerge through one of the major threads of the exhibition and of Rembrandt’s work: portraiture, both of himself and of others across many economic and social groups.
The portraits on view include a 1639 etching of Manasseh Ben Israel, a Portuguese-born rabbi who settled in Amsterdam’s growing Sephardic community and established the first Hebrew press in Holland. Rembrandt also accepted numerous commissions from members of Amsterdam’s upwardly mobile class who sought to establish their place within a Dutch society of their own making.
As part of his fascination with identity and representation, Rembrandt embraced depictions of dress and appearance, as seen in Self-Portrait with Raised Sabre (1634) and Self-Portrait in a Cap, Wide-Eyed and Open-Mouthed (1630). Also on view are other highlights from the Morgan’s Rembrandt collection, including three impressions of The Three Crosses (ca. 1653) and The Hundred Guilder Print (ca. 1648), as well as unprecedented loans from the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam (the drawing Recumbent Lion, 1660), and the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (the painting The Mill, ca. 1645–48).
Organization
Rembrandt’s Lions: Art and Exile in the Dutch Republic is organized by Sarah Mallory, Annette and Oscar de la Renta Assistant Curator, Department of Drawings and Prints.
IMAGES
Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)Self Portrait with Raised Sabre, ca.1634Etching with burin on paper, 124 x 102mm. Purchased by J. Pierpont Morganin 1905.The Morgan Library & Museum (RvR22).Photography by Janny Chiu, 2020.
Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)The Flight into Egypt: A Night Piece,ca. 1651Etching and drypoint on paper, 127 x109 mmThe Morgan Library & Museum (RvR82).Photography by Graham S. Haber,2014.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Small Lion Hunt (with Two Lions)ca. 1629Etching on paperOverall: 6 1/16 × 4 3/4 in. (15.4 ×12.1 cm).The Morgan Library &Museum, RvR 181. Photography byJanny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Large Lion Hunt1641Etching and drypoint on paperOverall: 8 13/16 × 11 13/16 in. (22.4× 30 cm).The Morgan Library &Museum, RvR 180. Photography byJanny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Recumbent Lion1660Reed pen, brown ink, and brown washon paper12.2 x 21.2 cmThe Rijksmuseum (RP-T-1901-A-4524),Purchased with the support of theVereniging
RembrandtRembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Rat Catcher1632Etching on paperOverall: 5 1/2 × 4 15/16 in. (14 × 12.5cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR188. Photography by Janny Chiu
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)St. Jerome Kneeling in Prayer, LookingDown1635Etching on paperOverall: 4 1/2 × 3 1/8 in. (11.4 × 8cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR161. Photography by Graham S.Haber.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Christ Crucified Between the TwoThieves: 'The Three Crosses'1653Drypoint on paperOverall: 15 3/16 × 17 11/16 in. (38.5× 45 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR122. Photography by Graham S.Haber.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Pancake Woman1635Etching on paperOverall: 4 5/16 × 3 1/16 in. (10.9 ×7.7 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR190. Photography by Graham S.Haber.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)St. Jerome Reading in an Italian Landscapeca. 1653Etching and drypoint, printed onJapanese paperOverall: 10 3/16 × 8 1/4 in. (25.9 × 21cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR165. Photography by Graham S.Haber.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Holy Family[ca. 1632]Etching on paperPlate Mark: 3 3/4 × 2 13/16 in. (9.5 ×7.2 cm)Sheet: 3 15/16 × 3 in. (10 × 7.6 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR95. Photography by Janny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Self Portrait Etching at a Window1648Etching and drypoint on paperOverall: 6 5/16 × 5 1/8 in. (16 × 13cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR29. Photography by Janny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Two Mummers on Horseback ca. 1638Pen and brown ink and wash, withyellow and red chalks and whiteopaque watercolor, on paperMount: 11 7/8 × 8 3/8 in. (30.2 × 21.3cm)Overall: 8 3/8 × 6 1/16 in. (21.3 ×15.4 cm)Purchased by Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1909The Morgan Library & Museum, I, 201.Photography by Steven H. Crossot.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Self-Portrait in a Cap, Wide-Eyed andOpen-Mouthed1630Etching and drypoint on paperOverall: 2 × 1 13/16 in. (5.1 × 4.6 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR442. Photography by Graham S.Haber.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Indian Warrior with a Shieldca. 1654-1656Pen and brown ink and wash, with redchalk wash, black chalk and scraping(correction), on Japanese paper7 × 3 15/16 in. (17.78 × 10 cm)Mount (Richardson): 14 1/8 × 11 1/8in. (35.88 × 28.26 cm)Purchased by Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1909The Morgan Library & Museum, I, 207.Photography by Janny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Self Portrait, Frowning: Bust17th centuryEtching on paperOverall: 2 15/16 × 2 3/8 in. (7.4 × 6cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR11. Photography by Janny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Descent from the Cross: SecondPlate17th centuryEtching and engraving on paperOverall: 20 7/8 × 16 1/8 in. (53 × 41cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR128. Photography by Janny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Ephraim Bonus, Jewish Physician1647Etching, engraving and drypoint, onpaperOverall: 9 1/2 × 6 15/16 in. (24.1 ×17.7 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR386. Photography by Graham S.Haber.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)Arnout Tholinx, Inspector[ ca. 1656] Etching and engraving with drypointon paperOverall: 7 13/16 × 5 7/8 in. (19.8 ×14.9 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR399. Photography by Graham S.Haber.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Spanish Gypsy 'Preciosa'[ca. 1642]Etching on paperOverall: 5 1/4 × 4 7/16 in. (13.3 ×11.3 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR187. Photography by Janny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Leper ('Lazarus Klep')1631Etching on paperOverall: 3 3/8 × 2 3/8 in. (8.6 × 6 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR248. Photography by Janny Chiu.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606–1669), Manasseh Ben Israel, 1639 (recto). Etching on paper. The Morgan Library & Museum, New York; RvR 359.
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn(1606 - 1669)The Hundred Guilder Printca. 1648Etching, engraving and drypoint onpaperOverall: 11 1/8 × 15 9/16 in. (28.3 ×39.5 cm)The Morgan Library & Museum, RvR116. Photography by Janny Chiu
